Wetland drying and succession across the Kenai Peninsula Lowlands, south-central Alaska
نویسندگان
چکیده
This study documents the scale and intensity of drying over the last half century in the Kenai Lowlands of south-central Alaska. Using historical aerial photos and field sampling of wetlands, including muskegs, kettle ponds, and closed and open basin lakes, we present data on drying and successional changes in woody vegetation between 1950 and 1996. The results of this study suggest that the Kenai Peninsula is becoming both woodier in its vegetation and drier. A regional analysis of 1113 random points indicated increased forest cover and decreased open and wet areas in both burned and unburned areas between 1950 and 1996. A census of water bodies in three subregions indicates that almost two-thirds of water bodies visited show some level of decrease in spatial area. Over 80% of field sites visited have experienced some level of drying, where vegetation transects indicate substantial invasion into former lake beds by facultative upland plants. These results are consistent with a regional change in climate that is both warming and drying as documented in Kenai and Anchorage weather records. Résumé : Cette étude documente l’étendue et l’intensité de l’assèchement au cours du dernier demisiècle dans les basses terres de la presqu’île de Kenaï qui est située dans le centre sud de l’Alaska. À l’aide d’anciennes photographies aériennes et d’un échantillonnage des terres humides, incluant les muskegs, les kettles transformés en étangs et les lacs qui occupent des cirques glaciaires ouverts ou fermés, les auteurs présentent des données sur l’assèchement et les changements dans la succession de la végétation ligneuse entre 1950 et 1996. Les résultats de cette étude indiquent que la presqu’île de Kenaï devient plus sèche et que sa végétation compte plus d’arbres. Une analyse régionale de 1113 points au hasard révèle une augmentation du couvert forestier et une diminution des zones humides et dégagées tant dans les secteurs brûlées que non brûlées entre 1950 et 1996. Un relevé des plans d’eau dans trois sous-régions indique que près des deux tiers des plans d’eau visités ont vu leur superficie diminuer. Plus de 80 % des stations visitées ont connu un certain degré d’assèchement et des transects dans la végétation indiquent une importante invasion d’anciens lits de lac par des plantes qui se développent facultativement en milieu sec. Ces résultats sont consistants avec un changement dans le climat de la région qui se réchauffe et devient plus sec tel que l’indique des données météorologiques pour Anchorage et la presqu’île de Kenaï. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Klein et al. 1941
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